Compounds studied for neuro & cognitive, ranked by the strength of the evidence — strongest at the top, research-grade and disappointing below. Grades reflect the evidence, not marketing. This is a neutral reference; nothing here is a recommendation to use, and no compound is offered for sale.
VIP is a 28-amino-acid endogenous neuropeptide with broad, well-established physiology — it's a potent vasodilator and bronchodilator, a strong anti-inflammatory/immune…
Tesofensine (NS-2330) is a small-molecule triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor — it raises dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin at once — and its story is a gem of…
Cerebrolysin is a pig-brain-derived mixture of neuropeptides and amino acids (not a single molecule), given by IV/IM, that mimics the brain's own neurotrophic factors (BDNF, NGF,…
Humanin is the founding mitochondrial-derived peptide — a 24-amino-acid signal encoded in mitochondrial DNA, discovered in 2001 from an Alzheimer's-resistant neuron.
Noopept is a dipeptide-derived small molecule (not a classical peptide, despite the ubiquitous label) developed in Russia and approved there as an oral nootropic.
Selank is a synthetic analog of the immune peptide tuftsin, developed in Russia (same institute and lead investigator as Semax) and approved there as a prescription anxiolytic…
Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide analog of an ACTH fragment and an approved neuroprotective/nootropic drug in Russia (since 1994).
ARA-290 (cibinetide) is an 11-amino-acid peptide copied from the helix-B surface of erythropoietin.
N-Acetyl Selank Amidate is Selank with two chemical modifications — an acetyl group added to the N-terminus and an amide at the C-terminus — marketed as a stronger,…
N-Acetyl Semax is an acetylated derivative of Semax, marketed as a "stronger, longer-lasting" version.
TRH (protirelin in its drug form) is the hypothalamic tripeptide that tells the pituitary to release TSH, sitting at the top of the thyroid hormone axis.
7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF, tropoflavin) is a flavone marketed as a "BDNF mimetic" or small-molecule TrkB agonist — the idea being that it does orally what BDNF cannot, since…
Apelin is an endogenous peptide and the natural ligand of the APJ receptor, a G-protein-coupled receptor closely related to the angiotensin II receptor.
Cortagen is a synthetic tetrapeptide, Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro (AEDP), from Vladimir Khavinson's peptide bioregulator programme, designed as the defined-sequence counterpart to Cortexin —…
Davunetide (NAP, AL-108) is an intranasal eight-amino-acid peptide (NAPVSIPQ) derived from activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP).
Dihexa is a synthetic angiotensin-IV-derived peptide engineered to be orally active and cross into the brain, studied as a synapse-building (synaptogenic) cognitive enhancer via…
Fosgonimeton (ATH-1017) is a small-molecule positive modulator of the HGF/MET system — the growth-factor pathway that's reduced in the Alzheimer's brain — developed by Athira…
The Khavinson peptide bioregulators are a family of very short peptides — typically two to four amino acids — developed since the 1970s at the St Petersburg Institute of…
P21 (also written P021) is a small synthetic peptide reverse-engineered from the most active region of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) — residues 148-151, the tetrapeptide…
PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide) is an endogenous neuropeptide and one of the most potent known activators of adenylate cyclase, signalling through…
PE-22-28 is a shortened, stabilised derivative of spadin — the natural sortilin-propeptide fragment that blocks the TREK-1 background potassium channel.
Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide, Glu-Asp-Arg (EDR), from Vladimir Khavinson's peptide bioregulator programme at the St Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology —…
Ranking is by evidence grade (A–F), the same ceiling shown on each compound page — not by popularity or margin. No dosing, reconstitution, or administration is given anywhere on Vallydia. See each entry for its full evidence table and legal status by region.
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This site provides neutral scientific reference and sells only products lawful in your region. Nothing here is medical advice, a recommendation, or an offer to supply unapproved medicines. No dosing or administration is published for research compounds. Cosmetic peptides per Regulation (EC) 1223/2009. Unapproved injectable peptides are neither sold nor advertised in the EU (Directive 2001/83/EC, Title VIII). © 2026 Vallydia.