The mitochondrial trio's third face — and the register's clearest "gorgeous mechanism, zero human trials" case. Three honest points define this entry: (1) it is the founding member of the mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) family — the same class as MOTS-c (#10) — with an unusually rich, well-mappe
Humanin is the founding mitochondrial-derived peptide — a 24-amino-acid signal encoded in mitochondrial DNA, discovered in 2001 from an Alzheimer's-resistant neuron. Its molecular biology is unusually well-mapped: it binds a specific cell-surface receptor complex to switch on survival signalling, directly blocks the cell-death protein BAX, and modulates IGF-1 signalling — engaging two of the most conserved longevity pathways (mitochondrial health and IGF-1/insulin) at once. In humans, circulating humanin falls with age, is lower in Alzheimer's and coronary disease, and is higher in centenarians and their children — making it a compelling longevity biomarker. But that is the ceiling of the human evidence: it is correlational and observational. There is no completed interventional human trial of administering humanin for anything, no established human pharmacokinetics, and no dose-ranging data — and most of the striking preclinical work used the HNG analog (~1000× more potent), not the native peptide typically sold. It is an intriguing hypothesis, not a demonstrated therapy.
not approved anywhere for any indication; not a cosmetic; investigational research peptide only. No EMA/FDA marketing authorisation, no compounding pathway.
An honest grade per outcome — drawn from the evidence, not any catalogue. Hype and undemonstrated marketing claims grade low.
A credentialed reviewer (PharmD / PhD / MD) will be named before this entry is finalised. Until then, treat it as a working draft. Last updated July 2026 (watch for any first-in-human interventional trial — that would change the grades materially).
Grades reflect the published evidence, not our interest. No dosing, reconstitution, or administration is published for research compounds — that restraint is deliberate.
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